shimokawasachiko 目次
Agree or Disagree: Rainforests should have a priority in forest conservation.
POINTS: Value / Scam / Carbon Credits / Species Richness
今回は森林保全に関するトピックです。多雨林？と思った方もいらっしゃっるでしょう。辞書でもそうなっている様に、Rainforestsは熱帯雨林と覚えていると思います。ですが、Tropical rainforests や Temperate Rainforests なども存在し、これらの総称がRainforests なので、今回は Rainforests を多雨林、Tropical rainforests を熱帯雨林と訳しています。
今まで「カーボンオフセット」や「カーボンクレジット」に関して曖昧だった人は、この機会に理解を深めましょう。
40% of world’s plant species at risk of extinction
Plant extinctions are shaking Earth’s green foundation
More than 2,000 plant and animal species have gone missing – Vox
賛成派: 森林保全は多雨林が優先されるべきだ (語数 142 語)
Agree or Disagree: Rainforests should have a priority in forest conservation.
POINTS: Value / Scam
Introduction
Rainforests should have a priority of conservation efforts as they are more valuable and vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbances than other forest types.
多雨林は、他のタイプの森林より価値があり人為的な錯乱に対しより影響を受けやすいので、優先して保全されるべきです。
Discussion 1
Rainforests in tropical regions or Tropical rainforests are home to approximately 60-80 % of the known world species. Such forests can provide us with superior ecosystem services, without which humans cannot survive. Moreover, rainforests assimilate and store larger quantities of carbon dioxide than other types of forests.
熱帯地域にある多雨林または熱帯多雨林には、既に知られている地球上の種のうちの、約60-80％の種が生息しています。その様な森林は私たち人間に優れた生態系サービスをもたらしてくれます。そして、それなしに人間は生きられないのです。更には、他の森林タイプと比べ、多雨林はより多くの二酸化炭素を吸収し貯留してくれます。
Discussion 2
Extensive areas of the world’s rainforests are in danger of being cleared for palm tree plantations and timber. The world has been trying to preserve them as intact as possible, but countries like Indonesia and Brazil are often keen to grow their economy by exploiting rainforests. Their conservation depends on the regime in each nation.
多雨林のうちの広大な範囲が、ヤシの木植林や木材のために伐採されてしまう危険性があります。世界は出来るだけそのままの状態で多雨林で保護しようと努めてきましたが、インドネシアやブラジルのような国々は、多くの場合、多雨林を搾取し自国の経済を成長させることに熱意をそそいでいます。多雨林の保全はそれぞれの国の政権次第なのです。
Conclusion
To sum up, their values and susceptibility make it inevitable to prioritise the conservation of rainforests among any vegetation.
要するに、その価値や脆弱さ故に、多雨林は他の植生より優先して保全することが必然なのです。
賛成派: 全文（音声付き)
Rainforests should have a priority of conservation efforts as they are more valuable and susceptible to anthropogenic disturbances than other forest types.
Rainforests in tropical regions or Tropical rainforests are home to approximately 60-80 % of the known world species. Such forests can provide us with superior ecosystem services, without which humans cannot survive. Moreover, rainforests assimilate and store larger quantities of carbon dioxide than other types of forests.
Extensive areas of the world’s rainforests are in danger of being cleared for palm tree plantations and timber. The world has been trying to preserve them as intact as possible, but countries like Indonesia and Brazil are often keen to grow their economy by exploiting rainforests. Their conservation depends on the regime in each nation.
To sum up, their values and vulnerability make it inevitable to prioritise the conservation of rainforests among any vegetation.
反対派: 森林保全において多雨林を優先する必要はない (語数 150語)
Agree or Disagree: Rainforests should have a priority in forest conservation.
POINTS: Carbon Credits / Species Richness
Introduction
It is, in my opinion, unnecessary to prioritise rainforests in conservation as the highlighted importance of rainforests may attract carbon credit fraud. Also, other types of forests are often as valuable as rainforests from different perspectives.
森林保全において多雨林を優先する必要はないと考えます。なぜなら、多雨林の重要性を強調する事でカーボンクレジット詐欺を招く可能性があるからです。また、多雨林以外の森林も異なる視点から見れば、多雨林と同じくらい価値のある場合が多いからです。
Discussion 1
The world has recently experienced several scams associated with rainforest carbon credits. Many leading companies purchased carbon credits to offset their carbon footprint, but the payments were not utilised for the conservation of the rainforest, possibly exacerbating global warming. Such fraud may have stemmed from concentrated conservation efforts on rainforests.
最近、多雨林のカーボンクレジットに関わる詐欺が世界で起こっています。多くの一流企業が自社のカーボンフットプリントを相殺するためにカーボンクレジットを購入しましたが、支払ったお金は該当の多雨林保全には使用されず、地球温暖化を悪化させる可能性もあります。この様な詐欺は多雨林への集中した保全活動に起因しているのかもしれません。
Discussion 2
Vegetation other than rainforests is also valuable, supporting many endangered or endemic species. In addition, some dormant species, some of which have allegedly gone extinct, may be rediscovered outside rainforests when the optimum conditions arrive for these species.
多雨林以外の植生も貴重であり、絶滅危惧種やその土地の固有種など多くの種を支えています。加えて、長い間休眠状態の種は、それらの中には既に絶滅したと言われている種もありますが、多雨林以外のところで、それらの種にとって最適な状況になれば再発見されることもあるでしょう。
Conclusion
In short, other vegetation is as vital as rainforests, and a conservation priority for rainforests may bring about unintended consequences. It is, therefore, unnecessary to prioritise rainforests in conservation.
要するに、他の植生も多雨林と同じくらい価値があり、多雨林を優先的に保全する事は意図していない結果をもたらすかもしれません。ですから、森林保全において多雨林を優先する必要はありません。
反対派: 全文（音声付き)
It is, in my opinion, unnecessary to prioritise rainforests in conservation as the highlighted importance of rainforests may attract carbon credit fraud. Also, other types of forests are often as valuable as rainforests from different perspectives.
The world has recently experienced several scams associated with rainforest carbon credits. Many leading companies purchased carbon credits to offset their carbon footprint, but the payments were not utilised for the conservation of the rainforest, possibly exacerbating global warming. Such fraud may have stemmed from concentrated conservation efforts on rainforests.
Vegetation other than rainforests is also valuable, supporting many endangered or endemic species. In addition, some dormant species, some of which have allegedly gone extinct, may be rediscovered outside rainforests when the optimum conditions arrive for these species.
In short, other vegetation is as vital as rainforests, and a conservation priority for rainforests may bring about unintended consequences. It is, therefore, unnecessary to prioritise rainforests in conservation.
最新版【準1級 文で覚える単熟語】に掲載されている中で今回使用した単語や熟語リスト
anthropogenic (anthropology), allegedly (allege), highlighted (highlight), associated (associate), fraud, extinct, extensive, ecosystem, exploit, perspective, prioritise, stem, superb, vegetation, utilise, turbulence (turbulent), payment, be vulnerable to, bring about
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