shimokawasachiko 目次
Agree or Disagree : People should raise fewer livestock for a better environment.
POINTS : Land Degradation / Greenhouse Gases / Alternative Feed / Renewable Energy
畜産業の中でも特に牛を飼育することは環境に負荷を与えると分かっています。アニマルウェルフェアの観点からも、少しでも牛肉の消費を控えることを促進する団体もあります。一方、様々なテクノロジーを用い、環境により優しい畜産方法も考案されています。
実際の英検のトピックと比べ、今回はかなり限定されたトピックで多少の専門知識も必要ですが、畜産環境問題を考える機会としていただければ幸いです。ここで覚えた英文や知識は、英検1級の環境系トピックの例としても役立つと思います。
牛の糞尿で再エネづくり。アメリカの農場で進む「バイオ」な実験とは？ | 世界のソーシャルグッドなアイデアマガジン | IDEAS FOR GOOD
畜産と環境問題｜肉の消費を抑えることが、環境保護になる理由とは
Five ways the meat on your plate is killing the planet
Feeding insects to cattle could make meat and milk production more sustainable
賛成派：より良い環境のために家畜を減らすべきだ（語数 158語)
Agree or Disagree : People should raise fewer livestock for a better environment.
POINTS : Land Degradation / Greenhouse Gases
Introduction
I believe that people should reduce the number of livestock, particularly beef cattle in order to help mitigate the impact on the environment, such as land degradation and global warming.
土地の劣化や地球温暖化といった環境への負荷を和らげるために、家畜数を特に肉牛の数を減らすべきだと思います。
Discussion 1
Raising livestock can have a range of negative impacts on the environment. For example, intensive grazing can lead to land degradation, which then requires the use of fertilisers, leading to further degradation of the land. Moreover, growing pastures can cause the water table to rise, making the lands more prone to flooding.
家畜を飼育する事は、環境に様々な負荷を与えることになります。例えば、同じ場所で繰り返し放牧を続けることは土地の劣化へとつながります。結果として、肥料の使用が必要になり、土地は更に劣化することになります。加えて、牧草を育てることにより地下水面を上昇させてしまい、洪水が起こりやすい土地へと変わってしまいます。
Discussion 2
Cattle gases and faeces also contain methane, which is one of the greenhouse gases causing global warming. Although meat is a great source of essential nutrients like protein, people can get such nutrients from different foods produced in a manner less harmful to the environment. We should, therefore, reduce the number of cows raised to combat global warming.
牛のおならや糞はメタンガスを含んでいます。これは、温室効果ガスのひとつで地球温暖化の原因です。お肉はタンパク質のような必須栄養素源ですが、そのような栄養素はもっと環境に優しい方法で生産された別の食べ物からも摂取が可能です。ですから、私たちは地球温暖化をなくすために牛の飼育を減らすべきなのです。
Conclusion
For the reasons mentioned above, I think that fewer livestock should be raised to reduce damage to the environment.
前述の理由から、環境負荷を減らすために家畜の数を少なくすべきです。
賛成派：全文（音声付き)
I believe that people should reduce the number of livestock, particularly beef cattle in order to help mitigate the impact on the environment, such as land degradation and global warming.
Raising livestock can have a range of negative impacts on the environment. For example, intensive grazing can lead to land degradation, which then requires the use of fertilisers, leading to further degradation of the land. Moreover, growing pastures can cause the water table to rise, making the lands more prone to flooding.
Cattle gases and faeces also contain methane, which is one of the greenhouse gases causing global warming. Although meat is a great source of essential nutrients like protein, people can get such nutrients from different foods produced in a manner less harmful to the environment. We should, therefore, reduce the number of cows raised to combat global warming.
For the reasons mentioned above, I think that fewer livestock should be raised to reduce damage to the environment.
反対派：より良い環境のために家畜を減らす必要はない (語数 157語)
Agree or Disagree : People should raise fewer livestock for a better environment.
POINTS : Alternative Feed / Renewable Energy
Introduction
With some changes in farming practices and the utilisation of cow’s faeces for generating electricity, it is unnecessary to reduce the number of cattle raised for a better environment.
農業のやり方を幾分か変更し牛糞を電力生産に利用することで、環境のために牛の飼育数を減らす必要はなくなります。
Discussion 1
Cattle can be fed on alternative feed sources rather than conventional feeds, such as pastures, fish meal, and grains, reducing the impact on the environment. For instance, maggots, which are rich in protein, could reduce the amount of human food waste as they can feed on the waste. This also reduces greenhouse gas emissions as the waste decomposes instead of being burned.
牧草、フィッシュミールや穀物といった従来の餌でなく代替の餌を牛に与えることにより環境負荷を減らすことが出来ます。例えば、ウジ虫です。タンパク質を多く含んでおり、人間の出す生ゴミで飼育できるので、ゴミの量を減らすことが可能です。生ゴミは焼却される代わりに腐敗分解するので、温室効果ガスの排出量も減少します。
Discussion 2
Cow’s faeces can be used to generate electricity. Methane from cow manure can be an efficient source of renewable energy, which otherwise would be released into the air and contribute to global warming.
牛糞は電力を生産するのに使用可能です。牛の糞に含まれるメタンガスは、放っておくと空中に放出され地球温暖化の原因となりますが、効果的な再生可能エネルギー源になり得ます。
Conclusion
In conclusion, cattle farming can be made more eco-friendly through changes in practices and utilisation of cow waste. There is no need to decrease the number of cattle on farms to reduce their environmental impact.
結論として、飼育方法を変更し汚物を利用することにより、もっと環境に優しい方法で牛を飼育することが可能です。環境負荷を減らすために牛の飼育数を減らす必要はありません。
反対派：全文（音声付き)
With some changes in farming practices and the utilisation of cow’s faeces for generating electricity, it is unnecessary to reduce the number of cattle raised for a better environment.
Cattle can be fed on alternative feed sources rather than conventional feeds, such as pastures, fish meal, and grains, reducing the impact on the environment. For example, maggots, which are rich in protein, could reduce the amount of human food waste as they can feed on the waste. This also reduces greenhouse gas emissions as the waste decomposes instead of being burned.
Cow’s faeces can be used to generate electricity. Methane from cow manure can be an efficient source of renewable energy, which otherwise would be released into the air and contribute to global warming.
In conclusion, cattle farming can be made more eco-friendly through changes in practices and utilisation of cow waste. There is no need to decrease the number of cattle on farms to reduce their environmental impact.
最新版【準1級 文で覚える単熟語】に掲載されている中で今回使用した単語や熟語リスト
degradation, nutrient, source, alternative, conventional, practice, utilisation (utilise), emission, renewable, be prone to, 前回に比べ少なかったですね。
maggot, graze, faece, manure, decompose など1級レベルの単語を使用してしまったからかもしれません。
こちらの記事もお薦めです。
